Investigating intestinal parasitic infections and risk factors in fingernails: Public health insights from Tabriz East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections in nails among individuals from different occupational and social backgrounds, and to identify associated risk factors influencing infection rates. Design or Methods A total of 2,280 nail samples were collected and analyzed from 380 individuals across various occupational groups. Microscopic examination was performed to detect parasite eggs or cysts. Demographic data, hygiene practices, and health history were recorded to evaluate potential correlations with infection rates. Results Out of 2,280 nail samples, 445 (19.51%) were found to be infected. Among the individuals, 89 (23.4%) tested positive, with a higher rate in females (28.2%) than males (16.3%). Illiterate participants showed the highest infection rate (36.6%). Occupations such as toilet conductors (44.1%), beggars (42.9%), and vegetable sellers (31.9%) exhibited significantly higher rates. Risk factors included long nails, pet ownership, poor hand hygiene, and history of diarrhea (P<0.05). The predominant parasites identified were Toxocara spp. (12.5%), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (12.5%), Entamoeba coli (12.1%), and Fasciola hepatica (11.1%). Conclusions Parasitic nail infections are prevalent, especially among specific high-risk occupational groups and rural populations. Public health measures focusing on hygiene education, handwashing promotion, and sanitation improvements are essential to reduce infection rates and improve overall community health.
Source: IJID Regions
Authors: Nasser Hajipour, Hadi valizadeh
Institution: University of Tabriz
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,380
Funder: University of Tabriz
OpenAlex ID: W4410198599