Work

Overload Mitigation of Inertial Grid-Forming Inverters Under Frequency Excursions

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Grid-forming (GFM) inverters play a critical role in stabilizing future power grids. However, their synchronization is inherently coupled with frequency support, which poses a challenge to prevent overloading while maintaining synchronization. While existing literature has proposed strategies to mitigate the overload of GFM inverters during frequency excursions, these typically focus on limiting primary frequency regulation and overlook their inertial contribution, limiting their effectiveness. The present work addresses this gap by analyzing three overload mitigation strategies that dynamically adjust both primary frequency regulation and inertia. The main contribution of this work is formal analysis of the control structures, providing insight into the tuning process, dynamic behavior, and inherent trade-offs. The performance of these strategies is evaluated under grid frequency excursions and oscillations, focusing on their ability to limit overloads and ensure seamless recovery. Simulation results are validated through experimental testing.

Source: Applied Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/app15105316

Authors: Ander Ordono, Alain Sanchez-Ruiz, Markel Zubiaga, Francisco Javier Asensio, Javier Rodriguez-Gongora

Institution: University of the Basque Country

Language: English

Topic: Microgrid Control and Optimization

Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896