Work

High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Reduced MACl Additives in NMP-Based Solvents

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Methylammonium chloride (MACl) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is a key additive known to enhance film quality in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-based systems, where an optimal concentration of 50 mol% is typically required. However, alternative solvent systems, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), have shown potential to reduce additive concentrations while maintaining high performance. This study explores the NMP/DMF (1:9) solvent system and its impact on MACl optimization. The optimal concentration of MACl in NMP-based systems was reduced to 20~30 mol%, representing a substantial decrease from the 50 mol% typically required in DMSO-based formulations. Films produced under these conditions exhibited superior crystallinity, as evidenced by narrower full-width at half maximum (FWHM) values in X-ray diffraction (XRD), and reduced defect densities. These structural improvements translated into enhanced optoelectronic properties, with devices achieving efficiency exceeding 23%, compared to ~20% for DMSO-based counterparts. Furthermore, the NMP-based system demonstrated improved long-term stability under continuous illumination.

Source: Energies

DOI: 10.3390/en18102542

Authors: Junhyuk Gong, Simon MoonGeun Jung, Gyu Min Kim

Institution: Hankyong National University

Language: English

Topic: Perovskite Materials and Applications

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137