Marx’s Critique and Inheritance of Feuerbach’s Philosophy as Embodied in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: 众所周之，《1844年经济学哲学手稿》发表于1932年。作为马克思生前未发表的一篇遗作，《手稿》在其去世后的发表，在社会上引起了前所未有的波澜。《手稿》写于1844年，这个并不寻常的一年，此前的1843年，处于《德法年鉴》时期的马克思，可以说是深受费尔巴哈哲学的影响。此后的1845年，马克思开始写作《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》，这个“包含着新世界观的天才萌芽的第一个文献”，其中蕴含着马克思的新的世界观——唯物史观。1844年是极不寻常的一年，是承前启后的一年。并且，马克思在1843，1844，1845这三年，哪一年都离不开费尔巴哈哲学的影响。学界对于马克思和费尔巴哈哲学关系多有研究，大多以《黑格尔法哲学批判》和《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》的角度切入去研究马克思对费尔巴哈哲学的超越，本文以更早期的《手稿》为切入点，以马克思在这一关键时期的思想转折更深刻地体现马克思对费尔巴哈哲学批判的萌芽的发展脉络。所以研究处在转折一年的《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中所蕴含的马克思对费尔巴哈哲学的批判和继承，对于研究这一时期马克思的思想无疑具有十分重要的价值。As is well known, the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 was published posthumously in 1932, marking its emergence as an unpublished work from Marx’s lifetime. Its release after his death sparked an unprecedented sensation in academic circles. Composed in 1844—a year of profound significance—the Manuscripts reflect a critical transitional phase in Marx’s intellectual development. In the preceding year, 1843, during his Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher period, Marx was deeply influenced by Feuerbachian philosophy. By 1845, he began drafting Theses on Feuerbach, hailed as the “first document to contain the brilliant germ of a new worldview”, which laid the foundation for his materialist conception of history through its critique of Feuerbach. The year 1844 thus stands as a pivotal juncture, bridging Marx’s earlier philosophical engagement with Feuerbach and his later revolutionary theoretical breakthroughs. Notably, the intellectual trajectory of 1843, 1844, and 1845 remains inextricably linked to Feuerbach’s philosophical influence on Marx. The academic exploration of the philosophical relationship between Marx and Feuerbach has predominantly focused on perspectives derived from Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right and Theses on Feuerbach to examine Marx’s transcendence of Feuerbachian philosophy. This paper, however, adopts the earlier Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 as its analytical lens. By delving into Marx’s intellectual turning point during this critical period, it aims to illuminate the germination and developmental trajectory of his critique of Feuerbachian philosophy, thereby revealing a more nuanced progression in Marx’s early philosophical evolution. Examining the critique and inheritance of Feuerbachian philosophy embedded in the 1844 Manuscripts—a text situated at this critical turning point—holds indispensable value for understanding the evolution of Marx’s thought during this transformative period.
Source: Advances in Philosophy
Author: 英哲 吴
Institution: Xinjiang University
Language: English
Topic: Marxism and Critical Theory
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4410375191