Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Since only one percent of the world's water supplies are immediately usable, freshwater availability poses a serious threat to human well-being and global development. Unfortunately, forty percent of the world's population currently lives in arid or semiarid areas, and by 2025, that percentage is expected to rise to more than two-thirds. At the same time, some of the most pressing issues of our time are the rapid growth of industrialization, increasing pollution, and environmental degradation. The ecosystem benefits from the abundance of resources on Earth, which are also necessary to preserve public health. This work aims to use response surface methodology (RSM), a potent statistical and mathematical technique, to model and enhance the factors controlling fluoride elimination. The study investigated the fluoride removal capacity of natural adsorbents, such as rice husks, due to their wide surface area and porous nature. Doses of 1 to 12 g/L of rice husk were used to remove 67% of the fluoride. pH 2 and dosages of 1 g/L and 6.5 g/L produced the best outcomes. The stirring rate was 10 minutes of rapid mixing at 100 rpm after 30 minutes of gentle mixing at 40 rpm throughout a contact period of 20 to 180 minutes. These findings suggest that rice husks can be employed as cost-effective, environmentally benign, and efficient adsorbents to extract fluoride from groundwater. A workable solution to guarantee the production of safe drinking water while reducing the health risks associated with excessive fluoride consumption is to use these natural resources.
Source: Current World Environment
DOI: 10.12944/cwe.20.1.22
Institution: JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research
Language: English
Topic: Fluoride Effects and Removal
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4410413697