1D hydrogen engine modeling to investigate air-fuel ratio, spark timing, and water injection effects on performance and emissions
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive 1D modeling and simulation of a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine, focusingon the impacts of air-fuel ratio, spark timing, and water injection on performance and emissions. Using a single-cylinder BMWF650 GS engine as a baseline, simulations were conducted in Ricardo WAVE to evaluate engine behavior under varyingconditions. Results demonstrate that hydrogen fueling reduces CO emissions to negligible levels but increases NOx emissionsunder specific conditions due to elevated combustion temperatures. Water injection effectively mitigates NOx formation andenhances volumetric efficiency while slightly compromising power output at high hydrogen-to-water ratios. The findings highlighthydrogen’s potential as a sustainable fuel for internal combustion engines and underline the importance of optimizing operatingparameters to balance performance, efficiency, and emissions. This research contributes valuable insights into the developmentof cleaner, hydrogen-powered transportation solutions.
Source: Scientific Reports
Authors: Omar Mohamed Saied, Mohamed Abdelwahab
Institutions: German International University, Ain Shams University
Language: English
Subfield: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Field: Chemical Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
OpenAlex ID: W4410463585