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Factors influencing survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies in adult patients: A retrospective cohort study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) remains the established main treatment option with curative potential for many hematologic malignancies.We conducted a retrospective analysis of 104 adult patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation between March 2013 and November 2023.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the chi-square test, and Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors and outcomes.The median follow-up of the cohort was 19 (0.3-128.1) months.The median age of the recipients was 49 (19-65) years, and 57 (54.8%) recipients were males.Ninety (86.5%) patients had a matched sibling, and 14 (13.5%) had a haploidentical donor.According to the multivariable analysis, a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 (p = 0.02) and sta tus without chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with worse overall survival.A BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was also predictive of worse relapsefree survival (p = 0.01).The cumulative incidence rates of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and relapse mortality (RM) at 1 year were 8.5% (95% CI; 4.3-16.5%)and 26.7% (95% CI; 19.1-37.4%),respectively.Patients without cGVHD had significantly higher RM than patients with cGVHD (p < 0.001), whereas patients with cGVHD had significantly higher NRM (p = 0.01).Patients with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 had significantly more posttransplant fatal events (p < 0.001).Our analysis revealed that a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and a status without cGVHD were significantly associated with worse OS.NRM was higher in patients with cGVHD, whereas patients without cGVHD died mostly from relapses.Key words: graft versus host disease; cGVHD; allogeneic stem cell transplantation; relapse; nonrelapse mortality Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is an established curative procedure for various hematological diseases.Since the first published report from the European Society for Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) describing activity in hematopoietic stem cell transplant centers in Europe in

Source: Neoplasma

DOI: 10.4149/neo_2025_250311n119