Work

A topological invariant in the context of the loop representation of the massive Kalb-Ramond-Klein-Gordon model

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: We employ the Dirac procedure to quantize the self-dual massive Kalb-Ramond-Klein-Gordon model in 2 + 1 dimensional spacetimes. The canonical fields are expressed in terms of 2-surfaces and signed points, ensuring the automatic realization of the quantum algebra. As the duality rotation preserving the action can be implemented infinitesimally, we derive the conserved quantity that generates the transformation. Given that such a generator is a two dimensional topological quantity, its representation in terms of geometrical operators yields a two dimensional invariant (reminiscent of a projection of Gauss's law in electrodynamics), which encodes the same information of the well-known winding number.

Source: Physics Letters A

DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130672

Authors: E. Iñiguez, M. Freire, L. Leal, E. Contreras

Institutions: Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Universidad Central de Venezuela, University of Alicante

Language: English

Topic: Black Holes and Theoretical Physics

Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $2,150

Funders: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Generalitat Valenciana