Utilization of biochar as a carrier for the integrated controlled release of fertilizers and pesticides: Synergistically reducing application rates and enhancing efficiency
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study has developed a biochar-based composite (BPF+SO+AP) to address the dual challenges of low phosphorus fertilizer utilization and rapid pesticide degradation in agriculture. Cotton straw, bentonite, and KH₂PO₄ were co-pyrolyzed to synthesize a porous biochar phosphorus fertilizer (BPF), followed by encapsulation the neonicotinoid pesticide acetamiprid (AP) using starch oxide (SO). Phosphorus was immobilized within the biochar matrix through complexation, enabling slow nutrient release, while the adhesive properties of starch oxide effectively entrapped AP within the biochar, enhancing pesticide retention. In performance tests, the composite demonstrated superior slow-release behavior, reducing phosphorus leaching by 89.9 % and AP loss by 31.9 % compared to conventional applications. Additionally, it enhanced cotton seedling growth by 20.2–29.4 % and protected cotton from aphid infestation for at least 45 days. The system also protected AP from UV-induced degradation, extending its field durability by 68.3 % under 72-hour UV exposure, attributed to biochar’s light-absorbing properties and shielding effects from bentonite and SO. By enabling synergistic reductions in fertilizer and pesticide application rates, this system mitigates environmental risks such as eutrophication and non-target organism toxicity. The work provides a cost-effective, sustainable strategy for precision agrochemical delivery, leveraging agricultural waste (cotton straw) and biodegradable materials (starch), with significant potential for scalable implementation in eco-friendly farming practices.
Source: Industrial Crops and Products
Authors: Xiaojun Wang, Yan Gu, Jixing Zhao, Xiongfang An, Qin Wu, Desong Yang
Institution: Shihezi University
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,720
Awards: G2127821134, G3708888831
OpenAlex ID: W4410715028