Dynamic changes in immune cell subsets in blood and lymph node over the course of acute HIV infection
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Innate, cellular and humoral immunity in acute HIV infection (AHI) play crucial roles in dictating immunological and pathological outcomes. However, understanding immune cell dynamics in different compartments during AHI is limited. In this study, we characterized immune cells from matched blood and lymph node samples in the RV254 Thai AHI cohort, the RV304 Thai chronic HIV infection cohort, and HIV-negative individuals, using flow cytometry. Our results showed a significant loss of the CD4:CD8 ratio in both PBMCs and LNMCs during AHI. Similarly, we observed increased immune activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in both blood and lymph node compartments during AHI. In contrast, we found no increase in T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and a lack of association between circulating Tfh and lymph node Tfh during AHI. Furthermore, early B cell depletion, particularly in resting memory B cells, was observed in blood but not in lymph nodes during AHI. Additionally, during AHI, plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation was increased in lymph nodes but not in blood. These findings suggest that certain immune cell phenotypes and dynamics are unique in lymph nodes compared to blood during AHI. Understanding the immune cell alteration in these compartments during AHI may help define the mechanisms leading to lack of immune control in natural HIV infection.
Source: Journal of Virus Eradication
Authors: Supranee Buranapraditkun, Julie L. Mitchell, Hiroshi Takata, Eugene Kroon, Suteeraporn Pinyakorn, Nicha Tulmethakaan, Sopark Manasnayakorn, Suthat Chottanapund, Pattarawat Thantiworasit, Peeriya Prueksakaew, Nisakorn Ratnaratorn, Khunthalee Benjapornpong, Bessara Nuntapinit, Praphan Phanuphak, Carlo P. Sacdalan, Nittaya Phanuphak, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Jintanat Ananworanich, Sandhya Vasan, Lydie Trautmann
Institutions: Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
OpenAlex ID: W4410759130