Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to develop novel hydroxyapatite-coated titanium dioxide or titania nanotubes (TNTs) as a surface modification on titanium dental implants and analyze their surface, chemical properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. Material and Methods: The titanium implant surface was treated with 1 ml of Kroll's reagent, 5 ml of nitric acid, 1.5 ml of sulfuric acid, and water for 10 seconds to allow etching of the surface. The etched surface was then anodized to create a layer of titanium dioxide, which, on treatment with 1wt% of hydrofluoric acid in water under the anodization process with 100 volts for 1 hour at room temperature, led to the formation of TNTs. The nanotube surface was then dipped in Hank's solution, allowing hydroxyapatite deposition on the surface. After 7 days, the hydroxyapatite-coated TNTs (GROUP A) as a surface coating on titanium implants was characterized and compared with bare titanium implants (Group B). Results: The material characterization showed successful development of hydroxyapatite-coated TNT formation on titanium implant surface, which supported cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration, similar to uncoated titanium surfaces. No statistically significant difference in the percentage of cell viability was noted between Groups A and B at any time point, with the highest percentage of cell viability with a mean of 93.20 +/- 4.324 for Group A and 94.00 +/- 6.205 for Group B noted at 72 hours, with a p-value of 0.21. Corrosion testing showed the coating's higher corrosion potential and reduced corrosion density compared to uncoated titanium surfaces with the bode phase angle approaching 1, suggesting its potential for better clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Dental implant, hydroxyapatite, titania nanotubes, biocompatibility, corrosion, osseointegration.
DOI: 10.4317/jced.62626
Authors: P. Arumugam, B. Princeton, PK. Yadalam, CM. Ardila
Institutions: Saveetha University, Universidad de Antioquia
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4410785331