Epidemiology, racial-socioeconomic disparities, and outcomes of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: A comprehensive analysis of the SEER database (2000-2021).
Year: 2025
Type: conference-abstract
Abstract: e18541 Background: T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare and aggressive mature T-cell neoplasm. There is limited population level data on T-PLL. This study aims to elucidate the epidemiological characteristics, incidence trends, and survival outcomes of T-PLL using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods: Retrospective analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was performed to elucidate the epidemiological characteristics, incidence trends, and survival outcomes of T-PLL patients. Results: Study included 1092 patients. Median age was 67 years, 65% were of age 65 or more, Males 57% (619/1092), and Females 43% (473/1092). Whites were 74 % (810/1092), African American 13% (13/1092), Hispanic 7% (71/1092), and Asian 3% (36/1092). Age adjusted incidence rate was 0.04 cases per 100,000 person-years. The number of patients newly diagnosed with T-PLL in the first decade from 2000-2010 was 350, whereas from 2011 to 2021 was 742. Patients with T-PLL were distributed in the following income groups: $40,000-$79,000 (55%), $80,000-$119,000 (39%), and only 6% in the > $120,000 income group. Overall, 1- and 5-year relative survival was 59.6% and 17.3%. 5-year relative survival was lower at 12.5% in African Americans as compared to other races (White: 17.6%, Asian: 17.5%, Hispanic: 19.3). 5-year relative survival was affected by income, which was 0% in the lowest quartile income group, followed by 17.6% in the 2nd quartile income group, followed by 15.8% in the 3rd quartile, and 26.4% in the highest quartile income group. 5-year relative survival in urban vs rural population was 16.4% vs 22.9%. Cause of death was available for 633 patients. The most common cause of death was T cell PLL in 41%. The SEER database also reported 16% of deaths from ‘other leukemia; not specified. While this was the listing term captured in the database, these may also have included death from progressive T-PLL. Survival was worse in patients aged > 65 years HR 1.95 (95% CI: 1.44 - 2.63; p < 0.00) and African American race HR 1.40 (95% CI: 1.03 - 1.91; p <0.05). Although survival was adversely affected by lower income, living in urban areas, and female sex, these were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our SEER database study suggests that T-PLL appeared to be more common among Caucasian race and patients aged > 65 years. The increase in incidence rates and disparities in outcomes based on age, race, and socio-economic status warrant further investigation into the underlying factors and further research to improve equitable care across groups, morbidity, and mortality from this rare and aggressive leukemia.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Praneeth Reddy Keesari, Charan Thej Reddy Vegivinti, Sreeram Pannala, Meekoo Dhar, Yashwitha Sai Pulakurthi, Shanmugavelan Selvamani, Chitra M. Hosing, Koji Sasaki, Nitin Jain, Gautam Borthakur, Patrick Kevin Reville, Elias Jabbour, Fadi Haddad, Alessandra Ferrajoli, William G. Wierda, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Tapan M. Kadia
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4410808002