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Transcriptomic and metabonomic profiling unveils the mechanism of Tartary buckwheat and kiwi co-fermentation products in hyperlipidemia treatment

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum, TB), a flavonoid-rich plant limited by anti-nutritional metabolites. Methods TB was co-fermented with kiwi juice (TB-KW) through alcohol fermentation to improve flavonoid extraction and utilization. The flavonoid profile of TB-KW was analyzed through untargeted metabolomics. The anti-hyperlipidemic effects of TB-KW were assessed in zebrafish maintained on a high-fat diet through transcriptomics and metabolomics. Results Untargeted metabolomic analysis showed that flavonoids originating from TB, including quercetin, luteolin, quercitrin, rutin, and kaempferide, were significantly enriched in TB-KW. The data further showed that TB-KW significantly reduced lipid accumulation in zebrafish. Metabolomic profiling revealed 24 core differential metabolites (DEMs), spanning glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerolipids, and fatty acyls. Transcriptome analysis showed that TB-KW significantly regulated genes such as PLTP, ApoC1, SOAT2, SCARB1, PLA2G12B, and HMGCRa. Discussion These genes are associated with cholesterol metabolism and pathways linked to fat digestion and absorption, and they show a particular capacity to increase HDL synthesis. This study suggests the potential of TB-KW in improving flavonoid bioavailability and in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1572593