Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: . Introduction. Measles is an acute, highly contagious viral disease with an aerosol mechanism of transmission that can lead to serious complications and death. The incidence of measles increased 147-fold in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2023. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory features of measles in adults during the period of increased incidence. Materials and Methods. The clinical, epidemiological, laboratory and instrumental data were analyzed for 185 adult patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of measles at the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital from February 2023 to June 2024. Descriptive statistics methods were used for statistical analysis. Qualitative indicators are presented in the form of absolute and relative values, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative data with a normal distribution. Results and Discussion. The majority of those hospitalized were working patients aged 21 to 40 (63.2%) living in Kazan (74.1%). Measles occurred in a typical moderate form (98.9%) with a high incidence of pneumonia (44.3%) and a favorable outcome in 100% of cases. Full measles vaccination according to the preventive vaccination calendar was carried out in 77 (41.6%) of the patients studied. Only 73 (39.5%) patients were referred to the hospital with the diagnosis of measles. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of measles IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (100%), as well as the detection of measles virus RNA by reverse transcription PCR in oropharyngeal smears. An increase in C-reactive protein (92.1%) may be associated with virus-induced or bacterial inflammation. Hyperfermentemia is a common occurrence in measles patients and has a favorable prognosis. Conclusions. The susceptibility of twice- vaccinated patients to measles justifies the need for serological monitoring of antibodies to measles virus in adults with further revaccination. PCR is the most effective method of early laboratory diagnosis allowing the detection of viral RNA during the catarrhal period of the disease. The problems of diagnosing measles in adults, which arise at the outpatient stage of medical care, dictate the need to raise awareness and alertness of doctors to this infection
Institution: Kazan State Medical University
Language: English
Topic: Virology and Viral Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4410947886