Work

β-Galactosidase-Catalyzed Transglycosylation of Tyrosol: Substrates and Deep Eutectic Solvents Affecting Activity and Stability

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: β-Galactosidase, a glycoside hydrolase enzyme, also possesses glycosyl transferase activity and can glycosylate various aglycones, including tyrosol, a phenylethanoid with antioxidant and health-promoting effects. This study examines the effect of lactose, tyrosol and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as co-solvents on the stability and activity of Aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase during the enzymatic synthesis of tyrosol β-d-galactoside (TG). The enzyme’s thermal stability was assessed using nanoDSF and circular dichroism spectroscopy, while the enzyme’s activity and specificity toward different glycosyl acceptors were investigated using the initial rate method. The effects of tyrosol and DESs on tyrosol galactoside synthesis over a 6 h period were also studied. Lactose and glycerol were found to stabilize the enzyme. Among the DESs tested, those containing betaine showed the highest stabilizing effect. The presence of DESs not only affected the overall enzyme activity but also changed the enzyme specificity, most frequently in favor of lactose hydrolysis. Components of DESs containing alcohol groups (polyols) also acted as transglycosylation acceptors. However, both glycerol and tyrosol were found to inhibit overall enzyme activity and TG synthesis. Overall, our findings provide new and valuable insights into the influence of reaction conditions on the stability and specificity of β-galactosidase.

Source: Biomolecules

DOI: 10.3390/biom15060801

Authors: Alžbeta Koššuthová, Monika Antošová, Vladena Bauerová-Hlinková, Jacob A. Bauer, Milan Polakovič

Institutions: Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,258

Funders: Slovenská Akadémia Vied, Agentúra na Podporu Výskumu a Vývoja, Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV