Development of coordination abilities in secondary school students by using the means of rhythmic gymnastics in physical education and sports lessons
Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: "The Development of Coordinative Abilities in Secondary School Students by Using the Means of Rhythmic Gymnastics in Physical Education and Sports Lessons", is a study that wants to become a source of information, development, applicability in life for both students and for teachers. The research approach was carried out by physical education and sports teacher Cătălina Julieta Țugulan, teacher of the Avram Iancu Secondary School in Bucharest, as a third-year student at the Doctoral School of the State University of Physical Education and Sports of the Republic of Moldova. Doctorate leader is the professor Conf. Univ. Dr. Viorica Calugher. The main purpose of the theoretical approach will be to observe the development of coordinative abilities in secondary school students by using the means of rhythmic gymnastics in Physical Education and Sports lessons, because I consider it is an essential element for the socio-professional integration of the child, for the physical development and coordinative capacities, by using a special programme for the development of coordinative capacities. To modernize the physical education lesson, the use of means such as those specific to rhythmic gymnastics for the development of coordination capacities, the development of motor skills can be very beneficial, due to the use of a wider palette of exercises that can contribute to the multilateral development of this capacity. Coordination is a complex quality, defined by most specialized authors as the individual's ability to use his body and its moving segments with precision, safety, fluency and promptness. Practicing physical exercise in school leads to the development of motor skills that ensure students optimal health and prepare them for social life. The research objectives sought to determine the particularities of carrying out recreational activities and the formation of coordinative capacities through the means of rhythmic gymnastics with an impact on the social development of 11-13-year-old students, to investigate the particularities of the morpho-functional, intellectual, psychomotor and motor states of students aged 11-13, to develop a program for the strictly directed training of co-ordinative capacities through the means of rhythmic gymnastics with an applicative character to students of 11-13 years and to argue the effectiveness of the experimental application of the program for the training of co-ordinative capacities through the means of rhythmic gymnastics with a character applicable to students aged 11-13. Exercise programs have been created that aim to develop coordination abilities (but also other motor qualities, reaction speed, execution speed, endurance) and development through free exercise complexes, with portable objects (sticks, hoop, ball, rope, scarves ), accompanied by musical accompaniment in such a way that the attractiveness of the lesson is also based on the use of special means. Music was used both within the complexes of harmonious physical development and within the themes as such. At the secondary school, the curriculum includes, as mandatory, very few elements of rhythmic gymnastics. The learning contents that I used in the realization of this work were based on the content elements according to the 5th and 6th grade curriculum. At the beginning, the work plan was developed, specifying the purpose and working assumptions. Several educational resources and specialist works were selected and included in the bibliography. Then the collectives of students from the 5th and 6th grades of the "Avram Iancu" Secondary School, sector 4, Bucharest, were selected, and the classes for the experiment were determined. In order to obtain effective results in this research, operational models were created for the experimental group and some sets/programs of exercises needed to implement the experimental study. Then, in order to highlight the working hypotheses, the most appropriate samples and tests were designed and selected, and their periodicity and working technique were established. Tables were also designed for recording and recording the data obtained with the students. The following research methods were used for this work: bibliographic study method, observation method, pedagogical experiment method, result measurement method, statistical-mathematical method, graphic method. In order to investigate the hypotheses, 4 classes were selected in the research - two experimental, 5th and 6th grade, and two control, also 5th and 6th grade, classes that benefit from the curriculum two lessons a week, during the school year. The experimental groups were administered the independent variable (training models - exercise sets/programs composed of means specific to rhythmic gymnastics), and the control groups were not administered this variable. The subjects of the four groups have the same chronological age and the same concerns. The application of training models - sets/programs of exercises composed of means specific to rhythmic gymnastics were carried out within the physical education lessons. The subjects were examined under similar conditions, applying the same specific tests and samples. In carrying out the research, the subjects were tested before and after the application of the training programs - exercise sets/programs, through the following examinations and tests: determination, measurement of somatic indices height and weight to determine the height of the students and the body weight of the students, the test of balance measurement "Flamingo" or Standing Stork test, through which we assessed the ability to maintain a balance position, the test for the development of rhythmicity-musicality, the Matorin spatio-temporal orientation test, to measure general coordination and balance and the motor coordination test. The research was carried out in three stages: Stage I - took place at the beginning and during the first semester of the 2021-2022 school year and had as tasks the initial establishment of the level of somatic development (height and weight) and the initial testing of balance tests, spatial-temporal orientation, movement coordination and rhythmicity-musicality; Stage II - took place during the 2021-2022 school year, in the second semester and consisted in the application of the training programs to the experimental groups, with the aim of their assimilation as possible. Stage III - took place in the 2022-2023 school year, by carrying out the final tests and aimed to highlight the changes that occurred throughout the research at the level of the analyzed components. The general hypothesis of this study started from the fact that in the physical education and sports lessons in the gymnasium by using the training programs composed with specific means of rhythmic gymnastics will develop the coordination capacities that will have maximum efficiency in the physical education lesson. The following working hypotheses were verified: The selection of sets/programs of exercises composed with means specific to rhythmic gymnastics (those considered to be effective) and their permanent application in physical education lessons, can induce a qualitative leap in the development of coordinative capacities. The use of these sets/programs of exercises composed with means specific to rhythmic gymnastics during a school year (in the hall and outside) contributes to the increase of the results in the specific control tests. All sets/programs of exercises composed of specific means of rhythmic gymnastics carried out during a school year, can finally lead to the development of methodical models for the development of coordinative capacities in secondary school students. The use of operational models can contribute to the achievement of the objectives of physical education, in the motor development plan but also the development of the student's personality by integrating and educating the creative-artistic side. The research was carried out at the Avram Iancu Secondary School, sector 4, Bucharest, where I am a teacher at the department of physical education and sports, the school having a very good sports material base. Physical education lessons were held twice a week, according to the timetable, with all classes having afternoon classes. The initial testing and the teaching of the sets of training programs were carried out and led by me in the experimental classes, and in the control classes by a colleague of mine, a teacher of physical education and sports, being her mentor, training her and explaining to her the exercises for the test and how to perform the initial and final tests. The research will contribute to the development of coordination capacities for secondary school students (age period 11-13 years), through the specific means of rhythmic gymnastics of using these components in physical education lessons during the school year, in order to develop these skills at a higher level abilities and their application with good results later in everyday life.
DOI: 10.52449/soh23.59
Author: Catalina-Julieta Tugulan
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W4411017679