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Generation of liquid CO2 jets under atmospheric conditions for cutting applications

Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: As an addition to conventional manufacturing methods, CO 2 jet cutting represents a promising option to process materials. The use of liquid carbon dioxide enables residue-free and dry processing, as it evaporates after the procedure. In CO 2 jet cutting, the medium is compressed to some hundred MPa before expanding through a nozzle to atmospheric conditions. With a triple point pressure of 0.518 MPa, carbon dioxide should not exist as liquid after expansion, if in thermodynamic equilibrium. However, under specific conditions, liquid jets can be generated, especially with nozzle diameters smaller than 0.1 mm. After a few centimeters of coherent liquid jet, phase transition occurs and the jet disintegrates into a spray. So far, it has been possible to generate liquid CO 2 jets that are suitable for cutting soft materials such as polymers. Jet stability, length and cutting properties are significantly affected by pre-expansion pressure and temperature, as well as nozzle diameter.
DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106688
Language: English
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,910
OpenAlex ID: W4411079482
FWCI: 0.723
Cites: 7
Cited by: 3
Related to: 10