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Effects of fish meal replacement by Clostridium autoethanogenum protein on growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, immune responses and muscle quality in black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The study investigated the growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant and immune responses, and muscle quality of black carp ( Mylopharyngodon piceus ) fed dietary fish meal replaced by Clostridium autoethanogenum protein (CAP) (0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 %), which were named CAP0 (control), CAP20, CAP40, CAP60, CAP80, and CAP100, respectively. A total of 450 juvenile black carp (initial body weight: 5.34 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allocated into six experimental groups. Results showed there were no differences on growth in black carp fed six CAP-level diets. Contents of insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were increased in CAP60 group. CAP40 showed reduced activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), while increase lysozyme (LZM), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels compared to CAP100 group. Although kelch-like ECH associated protein 1α ( keap1α ) were decreased in CAP60 group, g lutathione peroxidase 1 ( gpx1 ) mRNA levels were heightened in the hepatopancreas of CAP40 and CAP60 groups. There were no differences on activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) among CAP0, CAP20 and CAP40 groups. CAP40 exhibited increased intestinal villi height (VH) values together with claudin-5 ( cldn-5 ) levels compared to CAP0 group. Meanwhile, CAP40 increased values of hardness and springiness, and expression levels of collagen 1α1 ( col1α1 ), prolyl hydroxylase ( phd ) and lysyl oxidase ( lox ) in muscle compared to CAP100 group. In conclusion, 40 % fish meal replacement with CAP could improve serum biochemical indices, antioxidant capability, immune responses, muscle texture and quality in black carp.

Source: Aquaculture Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102892