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A Multidisciplinary Approach to a Treatment-Resistant Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis Patient in the ICU: A Case Report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by complex neuropsychiatric features and the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the receptor subunit 1 (NR1) of the NMDA receptors in the central nervous system. In this case report, we present a 31-year-old female patient who was admitted to the hospital with altered mental status, hallucinations, and seizure activity. After the failure of first-line treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin/plasma exchange (IVIG/PLEX) started at the previous facility, the patient was started on a trial of rituximab, which showed clinical improvement. This case report aims to shed light on the progression of a rare disorder, early tumor detection, individualized immunotherapy, and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment plans.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.85605

Authors: Zaza Aladashvili, Bianca Lupia, Thalia B Rodriguez, Amalia B Pontes, Yaroslav Buryk

Institutions: Jackson Memorial Hospital, Tbilisi State Medical University, St. George's University, Ross University School of Medicine, University of Miami

Language: English

Topic: Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Neurology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4411134395