Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The purpose of the article is to reflect the diversity of natural and geographical models and reveal the basic principles of their systematization. Methodology. The study is based on the theoretical and methodological provisions of landscape ecology and constructive geography. The methods of probabilistic analysis and geoinformation modeling in geoecology are used. The authors of this work have applied many years of scientific and methodological experience and applied research in the scope of natural and geographical modeling. Results. The theoretical and methodological foundations of natural and geographical modeling are presented, aimed at studying the structure, dynamics and state of natural geosystems, connections and processes within them, between them and with the external environment using natural and geographical models. In particular, the concepts of model and modeling in a broad sense are considered, and definitions of the concepts of "natural and geographical model" and "natural and geographical modeling" are provided. Natural and geographical models are analyzed and their systematization is justified according to the main principles: by the object of modeling (research); by a number of features, primarily by purpose; by the logic of applying models; by the method of constructing models and the method of transmitting similarity relations; by certain possible combinations of the above principles. The modes of application and forms of creating / presenting models are noted. The methods of natural and geographical modeling, the requirements for models as a means of scientific knowledge are listed and characterized, and two fundamental directions of natural and geographical modeling using precisely formalized methods are considered. The scientific novelty lies in the implementation of a conceptual and applied presentation of the content and means for natural and geographical modeling, which is the toolkit of both modern landscape ecology and natural geography in general. The interpretation of the concepts of "natural and geographical model", "natural and geographical modeling" is provided. The most appropriate principles of systematization of natural and geographical models have been determined, which are the basis for optimizing the management of natural geosystems, processes and phenomena occurring in them. At the same time, natural geosystems are interpreted as complex controllable native-natural-anthropogenic systems with the exploitation of their resources. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used by specialists in the scope of environmental conservation and recovery based on optimizing resource use, taking into account transboundary environmental cooperation. The principles outlined in this work are used in teaching a number of environmental disciplines aimed at forming special competencies of higher education applicants (knowledge, skills, expertise, formation of a geographical vision of the world, emotional and value-based attitude towards the environment and human activity in it).
Source: GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411155267