Work

Evaluation of Cold Rolling and Annealing Behavior of Extra-Low-Carbon Steel by Magnetic NDE Parameters

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This study intends to understand the effect of annealing behavior on the microstructure and mechanical and magnetic properties of cold-rolled extra-low-carbon steel. Deformed steel samples are annealed at temperature ranges of 200–690 °C followed by air-cooling. As part of this study, Magnetic Hysteresis loop (MHL) and Barkhausen emission (MBE) measurements are carried out for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of the mechanical properties that are altered during annealing, viz. recovery and recrystallization. At low annealing temperature ranges 200 < T < 550 °C, the recovery causes no substantial variations in microstructure, hardness value from 191–185 HV, and tensile strength 456–452 MPa, while magnetic coercivity decreases from 293–275 A/m for cold-rolled annealed steels. The microstructural changes due to recovery and recrystallization are examined using transmission electron microscopy and orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) through electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Recrystallization is found after annealing at T > 550 °C, confirmed by the lowering of the microstructural KAM value from 0.81° to 0.65° and a hardness drop from 190.02 to 98 HV for cold-rolled extra-low-carbon steel.

Source: NDT

DOI: 10.3390/ndt3020014

Authors: Siuli Dutta, Ashis K. Panda, Rajat K. Roy

Institutions: National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, National Metallurgical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Language: English

Topic: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels

Subfield: Mechanical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,207

Funder: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India