Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This research paper comprehensively examines a discretized three-dimensional predator-prey model with disease and prey refuge. The model incorporates vital dynamics such as predation, infection, prey population growth, and refuge population growth to capture the intricate interactions among predators, prey, and refuge in ecological systems. The study investigates the long-term behaviour of predator, prey, and refuge populations through equilibrium analysis, stability analysis, and numerical simulations. Equilibrium points are identified, and their stability properties are assessed, providing insights into the system’s critical points. The condition for Neimark-Sacker bifurcation is discussed. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical analysis, providing a deeper understanding of the model’s dynamics. Moreover, fractional calculus methods are employed to enhance the modeling and analysis of the system.
Authors: Manisha Yadav, Pradeep Malik, Ashish Tiwari
Institution: Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $500
OpenAlex ID: W4411282851