Development of Learning Environment Instruments in Distance Education at the Open University
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Background/Objective. This study uses distance learning theory-based learning environment instrument development research with a unique design for culturally sensitive factors in the learning environment as the grand theory used. Therefore, the planning of this learning environment instrument requires a relationship that refers to the three dimensions of social organization from Moos (1979) and the fourth dimension from Geert Hofstede and Michael H. Bond (1984). This study aims to develop a distance education learning environment instrument for Open University that can be used in universities in Indonesia that provide distance education. Materials/methods. This type of research is instrument development research with a sequential mixed methods exploratory research approach using a sample of 912 students spread throughout Indonesia. Results. The results of this study obtained a level of reliability which shows that this instrument can reliably measure the real conditions of the learning environment in distance education at the Open University. Conclusion. It is expected that the results of this study can contribute to maintaining the quality of the distance learning environment in higher education in Indonesia through the development of distance learning environment instruments for the Open University as a form of reflection by Open University students on teaching materials and their evaluation for the Open University academic community.
Language: English
Topic: Online and Blended Learning
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411319689