Work

Percolation thresholds and connectivity in quantum networks

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: We study entanglement percolation in qubit-based planar quantum network models of arbitrary topology, where neighboring nodes are initially connected by pure states with quenched disorder in their entanglement. To address this, we develop a physics-informed heuristic algorithm designed to find a sequence of entanglement swapping and distillation operations to connect any pair of distant nodes. The algorithm combines locally optimal percolation strategies between nodes at a maximum distance of one swapping operation. If this fails to produce a maximally entangled state, it looks for alternative paths surrounding intermediate states within the process. We analytically find and numerically verify thresholds in quantum percolation, which depend on the initial network configuration and entanglement, and are associated with specific percolation strategies. We classify these strategies based on the connectivity, a quantity that relates the entanglement in the final state and the level of integrity of the network at the end of the process. We find distinct regimes of quantum percolation, which are clearly separated by the percolation thresholds of the employed strategies and vastly vary according to the network topology.

Source: Quantum Science and Technology

DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ade55e

Authors: Andrea De Girolamo, Giuseppe Magnifico, Cosmo Lupo

Institutions: University of Padua, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, Polytechnic University of Bari, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, University of Bari Aldo Moro

Language: English

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography

Subfield: Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,895

Funders: Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, NextGenerationEU