A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies
Year: 2025
Type: review
Abstract: Within the first 28 days after birth, more than 1 in every 2500 newborns will suffer a stroke. The weekly-adjusted risk of stroke for a term-born infant is threefold higher than for a male smoker aged 50 to 59 years with hypertension and diabetes. Neonatal stroke has significant clinical and socio-economic consequences, leading to cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a range of motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments. Currently, there is no treatment for the brain damage caused by neonatal stroke. In this review, we outline the differences in the complex interplay of inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death after stroke between adults and neonates, which limits the direct transfer of knowledge between studies for understanding injury. We comprehensively document what is known about the pathophysiology of neonatal stroke and critically evaluate current therapeutic strategies, emphasising the urgent need for innovative treatments tailored to suit the neonatal brain. This analysis reveals that treatment with an injectable hydrogel scaffold, a three-dimensional, water-swollen polymer network, may be an innovative, viable approach to improve outcomes for infants suffering from the most severe forms of brain injury arising from neonatal stroke.
Source: Cells
Institutions: RMIT University, The University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, St Vincents Institute of Medical Research, The University of Queensland, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Deakin University, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Royal Women's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Monash Children’s Hospital, Monash University
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,258
Funders: European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Fondation de France, Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Fondation des Gueules Cassées, Fondation Princesse Grace de Monaco, Medical Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council
Awards: G1154430022, G1190173965, G1448582192, Institut Robert-Debré du Cerveau de l’Enfant, G2773515840, G2826895881, Venoms to drugs: translating venom peptides into human therapeutics, G3874577909, G411962549, Brain injury in the premature born infant: stem cell regeneration research network, G496262780, Improving neurodevelopmental outcomes following fetal growth restriction., G565268223, G5802621812, G6379606840, Optimising lifelong health and development for our most immature newborns, Infrastructure de Recherche Translationnelle pour les Biothérapies en Neurosciences, G8477072690, G8719957662, G8852137106
OpenAlex ID: W4411379913