Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Gastroparesis is a symptomatic chronic stomach disease characterized by objective sings of delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Gastroparesis is rarely documented in routine clinical practice. This disease is usually suspected, examined and diagnosed in patients with a syndrome of intense and prolonged nausea, vomiting, early satiety, epigastric pain, which occur as a result of muscular, nervous or rhythmic abnormalities of gastric functioning. Although delayed gastric emptying is a determining feature of gastroparesis, other aspects of gastric neuromuscular dysfunction, such as maladaptation and visceral hypersensitivity, may also contribute to the symptoms of gastroparesis. The symptoms of gastroparesis often overlap with those of other functional gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic unexplained nausea and vomiting syndrome, cyclic vomiting syndrome, various impaired "gut-brain" interactions, and, first of all, functional dyspepsia. This article presents a review of different examinations in gastroparesis from a gastric motility perspective. In clinical gastroenterological practice, gastroparesis is considered one of the most complex conditions due to the disagreements regarding the definition, range of symptoms, diagnosis and optimal therapeutic strategy, particularly due to the lack of treatment methods with proven efficacy. The article reviews current data on epidemiology, etiologic factors, pathophysiological concepts, and substantiates the need for proper diagnosis of gastroparesis. The methods for treating functional gastroparesis such as diet therapy, prokinetics, antiemetics and symptom relief drugs are described in detail. In addition, the rationale for the use of itopride prokinetic and rebamipide gastroprotector is presented.
DOI: 10.21518/ms2025-184
Authors: E. Yu. Plotnikova, A. S. Sukhikh
Institution: Kemerovo State Medical University
Language: English
Subfield: Gastroenterology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411446066