Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The Two-Wheel Self-Balancing Robot is a promising application of robotics and control systems that demonstrates the ability of a machine to maintain its equilibrium on two wheels. This article utilizes an accelerometer and gyroscope sensor in conjunction with an Arduino Uno microcontroller to achieve precise balancing and control. The sensor provides real-time data on the robot's orientation and angular velocity. The Arduino Uno processes this data to calculate the necessary adjustments to maintain the robot's balance. The control algorithm uses a proportional-integralderivative (PID) controller to make continuous adjustments to the motor speeds, ensuring that the robot remains upright.The sensor data is collected and processed to determine the robot's tilt angle, and the PID controller computes the appropriate motor speed corrections to counteract any deviations from the desired upright position.This article serves as an excellent educational platform for learning about control systems, sensor integration, and real-time data processing in the context of robotics. The successful implementation of this robot demonstrates the practicality and potential applications of self-balancing technology in various fields, including transportation and automation. Moreover, the tuning of PID using the heuristic method is also carried out, and the robot's balancing is noticeably improved.
Author: Shounak Bandyopadhyay
Language: English
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411449272