Postoperative Outcomes in Oral Cancer Patients: A Study of Recurrence, Regional Lymph Node Metastasis, and Margin Status
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant public health concern in South Asia, with high rates of morbidity and recurrence.Identifying key prognostic factors is crucial to improve surgical outcomes and long-term survival.Methods: This retrospective observational study included 120 histopathologically confirmed OSCC patients who underwent primary surgical treatment with or without adjuvant therapy at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital and Bangladesh ENT Hospital Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2024.Clinical, surgical, and histopathological data were collected and analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of recurrence.Results: The mean patient age was 52.0 ± 11.9 years, with a female predominance (60.8%).The most common tumor sites were the buccal mucosa (25.8%) and tongue (19.2%).Advanced-stage disease (Stage III-IV) was observed in 60% of cases.Histopathological findings revealed lymph node metastasis in 24.2%, perineural invasion in 30.8%, and close/positive surgical margins in 10.8%.Adjuvant therapy was given to 60.8% of patients.Postoperative recurrence occurred in 12.5%, while 20% developed regional lymph node metastasis.The 5-year survival rate was 84.2%.Multivariate analysis identified positive surgical margins (OR: 3.2; p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (OR: 2.7; p=0.001), and perineural invasion (OR: 1.9; p=0.02) as significant predictors of recurrence.Conclusion: Clear surgical margins, absence of nodal involvement, and perineural invasion are critical to reducing recurrence risk in OSCC patients.Enhanced surgical precision and tailored adjuvant therapies are essential for improving long-term outcomes.
Source: ARC Journal of Dental Science
Authors: Nasir Uddin, Shahida Begum, Nitish Krishna Das, Md. Helal Uzzaman, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, Rehana Akhter, Kamrun Nahar
Institution: Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College
Language: English
Topic: Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Subfield: Otorhinolaryngology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411462186