Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The inverted Schottky anomaly (showing negative heat capacity) in an agitated two-level system reveals that in steady nonequilibria one may need excess heat input to reach lower energy levels, indicating a fundamental separation between Clausius and Boltzmann entropy.
DOI: 10.1039/d5cp01269d
Institution: KU Leuven
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4411566768