Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: malachite green assay and shift in zeta potential. Mucus permeation was assessed using porcine intestinal mucus in Transwell inserts. Cellular uptake was quantified in Caco-2 cells by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Liposomes exhibited an average size of 138.7 ± 2.9 nm and a zeta potential of +35.4 ± 1.5 mV, while the size of polyphosphate-coated liposomes increased to 168.4 ± 1.2 nm with a zeta potential of -24.2 ± 2.5 mV; both remained stable over 24 hours. Liposomes were non-toxic and hemolytic in a concentration of 0.1%. pp-Liposomes were less toxic than uncoated liposomes. Significant phosphate release occurred within first 6 hours of incubation with AP, and the zeta potential converted to +12.9 ± 5.19 mV within 24 hours. Mucus permeation studies showed that pp-liposomes exhibited 12-fold increase in permeability in the absence of AP compared to its presence. Cellular uptake of liposomes and pp-liposomes in Caco-2 cells demonstrated comparable levels of internalization. Accordingly, charge-converting liposomes effectively traversed the mucus barrier and improved cellular uptake, indicating a promising approach to resolving the polycation dilemma.
Source: Journal of Materials Chemistry B
DOI: 10.1039/d5tb00945f
Authors: Martyna Truszkowska, Ahmad Saleh, Melanie Lena Ebert, Gergely Kali, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
Institutions: Universität Innsbruck, Universitas Mandala Waluya
Language: English
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Funder: Universität Innsbruck
OpenAlex ID: W4411577247