Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: 摘要: 历史比较法通过语言比较重建同源分化的语言谱系历史，但仅看到语言演变和分化的外在现象和结果，忽略了其主要动因——异质接触。历史层次分析法看到接触在语言演变中的部分作用，在此基础上引入层次观，但将其单一理解为由表层借用形成的文白层。然而，语言的接触层叠有显性叠置和隐性叠合两种基本形式，二者存在本质区别。显性叠置的形成机制为方言向权威语的表层借用，一般始于词汇，易形成不规则音变；而隐性叠合的形成机制为两种方言融合引起的底层转用，一般始于音系，易形成规则音变。镇安永乐话由两种方言融合而成，其历史层次主要表现为隐性叠合而非显性叠置，多呈现出规则音变。因而，只有使用参照析层法，才能够有效离析其历史层次。 ABSTRACT: Only noticing the external performances, Method of Comparison (historical-comparative linguistics) ignores the main cause, heterogeneous contact, during the reconstruction of the linguistic history of pedigree of homogeneous differentiation through language comparison. Partly recognizing the function of contact and introducing the idea of strata(layering) in language evolution, Method of Strata Analysis (the historical analytic hierarchy method) takes it as written-spoken layers from superficial borrowing. But in linguistic strata (layering) of contact there are two basic forms: visible superimposition and invisible superimposition, which are essentially different. The former, visible superimposition, is formed by superficial borrowing from dialects to authoritative languages, usually starting with vocabulary and prone to irregular phonological changes, while the latter, invisible superimposition, is formed by underlying transfer caused by the fusion of two dialects, usually starting with phonological systems and prone to regular phonological changes. Mostly showing regular phonological changes, Zhen'an Yongle dialect is a fusion of two dialects, and its historical layers are mainly invisible superimposition rather than visible ones. Therefore, it is Method of reference (cross-sectional referencing) that can help us effectively disentangle the historical layers in language evolution.
Source: Journal of Chinese linguistics
Authors: Shenqing Guo, Xiajun Liu, Shanshan Yan, Qi Cai
Language: English
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4411611091