Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Direct carbonylation of the C(sp3)Cl bond remains a challenging transformation in the chemical industry. The usual use of precious metals, the high cost of ligands, and the lack of recyclability of catalysts make their industrial application on a large scale impossible. A ligand‐free cobalt‐based catalyst for the alkoxycarbonylation of chloroacetates to dialkyl malonates, which are important industrial intermediates, is reported here. This catalyst uses an extremely inexpensive precursor, CoCO3, with a very low catalyst loading (0.5 mol%) to achieve product yields of up to 99% with nearly 100% chemoselectivity. Solvents and previously essential phase transfer agents are not needed. Most importantly, the catalyst can be easily recycled without losing its activity and selectivity. Over 95% product yield is achieved even after 8 recycles. The feasibility of this system is demonstrated through 14 examples of the alkoxycarbonylation reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigations identified the active cobalt species as [Co(CO)4]−. As the first recyclable cobalt‐based catalyst, this ligand‐free system has great potential for large‐scale industrial transfer.
Source: ChemSusChem
Institution: Leibniz Institute for Catalysis
Language: English
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,550
OpenAlex ID: W4411731624