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Novel Hematologic Markers for Risk Stratification in Bladder Cancer Patients Receiving BCG Treatment

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Objective: In order to evaluate the predictive role of novel hematologic markers in recurrence and progression among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients undergoing intravesical BCG therapy. Material and Methods:A total of 182 patients diagnosed with NMIBC and treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) followed by BCG therapy were included.Patients were stratified into intermediate-, high-and very high-risk groups per the EAU 2024 guidelines.Preoperative hematologic parameters were recorded.In addition, CLR, CAR, and IBI were calculated.Recurrence and progression were assessed through follow-up cystoscopies.ROC curve analysis was used to determine the predictive value of the biomarkers.Results: Recurrence and progression occurred in 15% and 8% of patients, respectively.Multifocal tumors showed a notable association with recurrence (p = 0.006), and carcinoma in situ (CIS) predicted progression (p < 0.001).CAR (AUC = 0.695, p = 0.013) and CLR (AUC = 0.660, p = 0.040) significantly predicted progression.IBI was a strong predictor in the very highrisk group (AUC = 0.920, p < 0.001).Conclusion: CLR, CAR, and IBI are promising markers for identifying patients at higher risk of progression during BCG therapy.IBI shows strong prognostic utility in very high-risk NMIBC patients.Further prospective, multicenter studies are needed for clinical validation.

Source: Yeni Üroloji Dergisi

DOI: 10.33719/nju1694756