Work

Comparative analysis of periodontal ligament stem cell characteristics in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with periodontitis

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Context: Periodontitis, whether associated with diabetes or not, may have an impact on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which can adversely affect the regeneration of lost periodontal tissues and therefore treatment outcome. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics and differentiation potential of PDLSCs isolated from periodontitis patients with and without diabetes. Aims: To understand the effect of diabetes mellitus (type II) on the periodontal ligament cells in patients with periodontitis. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional prospective study was carried out from the Yenepoya Research Centre and from the Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College for sample collection. Methods and Material: The study utilized cell culture media, antibodies, an MTT assay kit and a differentiation kit. PDLSCs were isolated from granulation tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic periodontitis patients. Immunophenotyping confirmed mesenchymal markers, and the cells were evaluated for viability, migration, proliferation and differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. Statistical Analysis Used: Data analysed using SPSS version 22. The Kruskal–Wallis H test was used, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: PDLSCs isolated from all three sources exhibited similar phenotypic characteristics, including high expression of mesenchymal markers and showed comparable cell growth, viability, proliferation and migration ( P < 0.05). All groups demonstrated chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, with no evidence of adipogenic potential, indicating that even inflamed tissue can yield functional PDLSCs. Conclusion: PDLSCs can be successfully isolated from inflamed periodontal granulation tissue in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, exhibiting similar phenotypic characteristics to healthy PDLSCs while retaining comparable proliferative, migratory and differentiation potential.

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_9_25

Authors: Sudarvizhi Thiruvasagam, Muhammad Nihad, Shruthi Nayak, Debajit Chaudhury, Maji Jose, P Sudheer Shenoy

Institutions: Yenepoya University, Yenepoya Research Centre

Language: English

Topic: Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments

Subfield: Urology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Funder: Yenepoya Research Centre