Work

Promoting Sustainable Transport: A Systematic Review of Walking and Cycling Adoption Using the COM-B Model

Year: 2025

Type: review

Abstract: Walking and cycling, as active modes of transportation, play a vital role in advancing sustainable urban mobility by reducing emissions and improving public health. However, widespread adoption faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, safety concerns, socio-cultural barriers, and policy limitations. This study systematically reviewed 56 peer-reviewed articles from 2004 to 2024, across 30 countries across five continents, employing the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) framework to identify the main drivers of walking and cycling behaviours. Findings highlight that the lack of dedicated infrastructure, inadequate enforcement of road safety measures, personal and traffic safety concerns, and social stigmas collectively hinder active mobility. Strategic interventions such as developing integrated cycling networks, financial incentives, urban planning initiatives, and behavioural change programs have promoted increased engagement in walking and cycling. Enhancing urban mobility further requires investment in pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, improved integration with public transportation, the implementation of traffic-calming measures, and public education campaigns. Post-pandemic initiatives to establish new pedestrian and cycling spaces offer a unique opportunity to establish enduring changes that support active transportation. The study suggests expanding protected cycling lanes and integrating pedestrian pathways with public transit systems to strengthen safety and accessibility. Additionally, leveraging digital tools can enhance mobility planning and coordination. Future research is needed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing mobility analysis, supporting the development of climate-resilient infrastructure, and informing transport policies that integrate gender perspectives to better understand long-term behavioural changes. Coordinated policy efforts and targeted investments can lead to more equitable transportation access, support sustainability goals, and alleviate urban traffic congestion.

Source: Future Transportation

DOI: 10.3390/futuretransp5030079

Authors: Hisham Y. Makahleh, Madhar M. Taamneh, Dilum Dissanayake

Institutions: University of Birmingham, Yarmouk University

Language: English

Topic: Urban Transport and Accessibility

Subfield: Transportation

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Sustainable cities and communities, Good health and well-being, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,207