Testosterone to Oestradiol Ratio: A Significant Indicator for Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease in Males
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of serum testosterone / oestradiol ratio (T/E2) with coronary artery disease (CAD) in males. STUDY DESIGN: A comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from February 2023 to January 2024. METHODOLOGY: Plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations were determined in the blood samples of 300 males. Serum T/E2 ratio was associated with history and baseline characteristics. CAD markers according to serum T/E2 quartiles were compared to study the relation of T/E2 ratio with disease progression. T/E2, C-reactive protein (CRP), and total cholesterol were compared by one-way ANOVA test in groups divided based on the cardiac calcium score. RESULTS: Higher calcium scores were connected with greater amounts of CRP (low: 10.0 mg/L, moderate: 16.5 mg/L, and high: 33.0 mg/L, p <0.001), oestradiol (median: 165.0 pmol/L, IQR: 212.0-14.0), and less testosterone (median: 12.0 nmol/L, IQR: 18.5-6.0). T/E2 ratios were found to play a role in coronary risk, as they decreased a lot as the calcium score increased (from 0.98 in the low group to 0.40 in the high group, p <0.001). The findings also highlighted that different biochemical patterns correspond with the link between T/E2 ratios and the risk of heart disease. CONCLUSION: Men with a T/E2 ratio lower than 1.41 had more calcified plaque (median calcium score: 100.0, IQR: 410.0-50.0) and higher levels of systemic inflammation (median CRP: 22.0 mg/L, IQR: 59.0-9.0). Consequently, a T/E2 ratio below 1.41 can be used as a simple and inexpensive marker to predict major heart events in men. KEY WORDS: Body mass index, Cardiac calcium score, Coronary artery disease, CT angiography, Myocardial infarction, Testosterone to oestradiol ratio.
Authors: Hafsa Aziz, Muhammad Anwar, Muhammad Qaiser Alam Khan, Muhammad Younas, Zujaja Hina Haroon, Uzma Naeem
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4411965308