Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study investigates the effect of adding different amounts of n‐ZnO to model resin‐based composites on their hygroscopic characteristics. Six groups (n = 5) were formulated using Bis‐GMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, inert barium glass powder, silica nanoparticles, and varying amounts of n‐ZnO (0–5 wt.%). The photoinitiator system included camphorquinone, diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, and ethyl 4‐(dimethylamino) benzoate. Sorption, solubility, and hygroscopic expansion specimens were prepared following ISO 4049:2019 and immersed in water for 168 days. Sorption and solubility were assessed with an analytical balance, while hygroscopic expansion was measured using a laser scan micrometer. Zn2⁺ release was analyzed using ICP‐MS (n = 3). Increasing n‐ZnO concentrations significantly reduced sorption and solubility, with the control (0 wt.% n‐ZnO) showing the highest values (28.7 and 2.1 µg/mm3) and the 2 wt.% n‐ZnO group showing the lowest (27 µg/mm3, −0.4 µg/mm3). However, increasing the concentrations of n‐ZnO significantly increased the hygroscopic expansion. The volumetric expansion for the lowest (control) and highest (n‐ZnO at 3 wt.%) was 1.63% and 1.87%, respectively. ICP‐MS revealed progressively higher Zn2⁺ release with increasing n‐ZnO concentration, peaking at 675.1 ppb in the 5 wt.% group. Overall, n‐ZnO reduced sorption and solubility while increasing expansion and Zn2⁺ release, with all formulations meeting ISO 4049 standards.
DOI: 10.1111/eos.70029
Institutions: King Saud University, University of Manchester
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,220
OpenAlex ID: W4412035663