Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Hydrocotyle umbellata L. and its antibacterial properties
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The present study demonstrates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Hydrocotyle umbellata L. leaf extract, an eco-friendly and sustainable approach. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by a visible color change from light green to light brown, indicating the reduction of silver ions (Ag⁺) to metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag⁰). The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). FTIR analysis identified key functional groups (C=C, N-O, C-H, C-N, and aromatic compounds) involved in the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, revealing a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. SEM-EDS analysis showed uniform, spherical nanoparticles with high elemental purity. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria, with dose-dependent inhibition zones. These findings highlight the potential of H. umbellata-mediated AgNPs as an effective, eco-friendly antimicrobial agent for biomedical applications.
Authors: T Keerthiga, S Tamilarasu, P Thamizhiniyan
Institution: Annamalai University
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4412453410