Work

Cleaning methods for solar PV systems in Sri Lanka: Economic and environmental evaluations

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Solar energy holds significant potential in Sri Lanka, but the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is often compromised by soiling from dust and pollution. This study evaluates the economic and environmental feasibility of manual and robotic PV cleaning methods across Sri Lanka's diverse climatic zones. Using PVsyst simulations with localised economic data, the research models energy generation and performs financial analyses using Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) and Net Present Value (NPV). Environmental assessments further examine soiling effects and cleaning efficiency. Simulations conducted in wet, dry, and intermediate zones reveal that manual cleaning is generally more cost-effective, with a payback period of 3–4 years. Robotic cleaning, while operationally advantageous due to reduced labour dependency and consistent efficiency, requires a longer payback period of 5–7 years without financing and 7–9 years with loans. These findings highlight the importance of climate-specific cleaning schedules and suggest that while manual cleaning is currently more viable, advancements in technology and rising labour costs may render robotic cleaning a competitive option in the future.

Source: Cleaner Energy Systems

DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2025.100204

Authors: Compannage Ranul Fonseka, Nazmi Sellami

Institution: Edinburgh Napier University

Language: English

Topic: Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability

Subfield: Environmental Engineering

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Climate action, Decent work and economic growth

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,270