Work

Vacuum pair production in spatially asymmetric time-oscillating electric fields

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: We investigate electron-positron pair production from the quantum vacuum in spatially asymmetric, oscillating electric fields using the Dirac-Heisenberg-Wigner formalism in 1 + 1 dimensions. The electric field is strongly space-time dependent [ E ( x , t ) e x ] and characterized by both spatial asymmetry and temporal oscillations. The temporal dynamics incorporate multiple modulation mechanisms, including variations in central frequency, frequency chirping, and phase modulation. Our results show that spatial asymmetry significantly enhances pair production compared to symmetric field configurations. Furthermore, optimal tuning of temporal parameters, such as the frequency ω and chirp parameter b , can further amplify the yield. For ω ≳ 0.4 m , the momentum spectra exhibit oscillatory structures dominated by multiphoton processes, whereas low-frequency fields ( ω ≲ 0.3 m ) result in tunneling-dominated Gaussian distributions. Chirped fields introduce spectral asymmetry and interference patterns, with peak yields increasing by up to a factor of 9 for ω = 0.7 m and b = 0.5 ω / τ . These findings offer a promising approach for optimizing vacuum pair production in experimentally realizable spatiotemporal field configurations.

Source: Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

DOI: 10.1103/myr3-ql9h

Authors: Mamat Ali Bake, Obulkasim Olugh

Institutions: Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Police College

Language: English

Topic: Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect

Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Funders: Science and Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China-Xinjiang Joint Fund

Awards: G2067896748, G770570873, G8930853896