Work

Multivariable optimal control for hemodialysis: A physiologically-grounded simulation study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This study introduces a novel multivariable optimal control framework for hemodialysis, which uniquely integrates five physiological states (blood urea concentration, fluid volume, blood pressure, electrolytes, and hemoglobin) with three clinically adjustable inputs (ultrafiltration rate, blood flow, and dialysate composition). By employing the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno-B (L-BFGS-B) algorithm with patient-specific box constraints, the model enforces patient-specific physiological safety limits while dynamically balancing clinical targets. Numerical simulations demonstrate the stabilization of key parameters within ±5% of clinical benchmarks (e.g., KDIGO guidelines), though deviations in the hemodynamic responses underscore the need for adaptive control in real-world scenarios. Urea clearance trajectories align with efficacy patterns observed in practice, while blood pressure fluctuations reveal systematic offsets that require protocol refinement. This work bridges control theory with hemodialysis dynamics, thus offering a simulation-driven foundation for future clinical validation and personalized treatment optimization.

Source: Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering

DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2025088

Authors: Redemtus Heru Tjahjana, Ratna Herdiana, Zani Anjani Rafsanjani HSM, Yogi Ahmad Erlangga

Institutions: Diponegoro University, Zayed University

Language: English

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management

Subfield: Nephrology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,000