Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The article examines the varieties of borrowed equivalents in the Turkic languages, and provides a comparative analysis between Azerbaijani and Turkish languages.It is noted that the lexical level is more variable than the grammatical one.The demands of the time, the historical course of peoples' development and socio-political influence lead to the fact that the vocabulary of languages becomes different over time.The Azerbaijani and Turkish languages have been using borrowed words of Arabic-Persian origin for many centuries in parallel.For this reason, the vast majority of words that are completely equivalent in both languages are borrowed from Arabic and Persian.The introduction of Russian and European loanwords into Turkish since the 16th century and into Azerbaijani since the 19th century led to significant changes in the language in terms of quantity and source.The reason for the acquisition, the method of acquisition, the period it covers, the type, the possibilities of use, the form and unification create different characteristics in equivalent acquisitions.It is more expedient to study equivalent borrowings by dividing them into five groups, taking into account their phonetic structure, semantic meaning and variety of sources: complete, relative, semantic, pseudo-equivalent and equivalent borrowings replaced by national words.As a result of the research conducted on the materials of both languages by groups and subgroups, it was found that equivalent borrowings are a) identical; b) which differs only in its source; c) words having the same spelling, orthoepy and source, but completely different meanings, i.e. creating a false equivalence; d) expresses parallel meanings as a result extensions and abbreviations of the meaning; e) it is concluded that there are cases when borrowed words that have already become archaic in the language are replaced by neologisms that arise due to the internal capabilities of the language.The results were obtained by making comparisons at the etymological level based on examples taken from dictionaries and fiction.
Author: A. Kh. Karimova
Institution: Baku Slavic University
Language: English
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4412570441