Millimeter-Wave 2D Retrodirective Beamformer Based on Waveguide Rotman Lens
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies offer high directivity and narrow beamwidth with compact size, making them suitable for wireless power transfer (WPT). To support efficient beam steering, retrodirective operation is advantageous. While prior Rotman lens-based retrodirective systems have focused on one-dimensional (1D) beamforming, their applicability is limited. To enable more adaptive and efficient beamforming, two-dimensional (2D) beamforming is essential which can be achieved with Rotman lens as it features fully passive, true-time delay operation. Therefore, this paper proposes a waveguide-based Rotman lens beamformer capable of two-dimensional (2D) retrodirective beamforming implemented using a two-stage stacked lens structure that independently handles azimuth and elevation planes. Operating at 33 GHz in the Ka-band, the beamformer enables beam steering at 10° intervals within ±20° (azimuth) and ±10° (elevation) using 15 input and 16 output ports. Simulation and measurement validate the feasibility of the proposed design for high-performance mmWaves WPT applications.
Source: IEEE Access
Institution: Soongsil University
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,075
Funder: Office of Naval Research
Award: G3762749997
OpenAlex ID: W4412605388