Anjana Karma in ocular therapy: Clinical insights into a topical and noninvasive approach: A narrative review
Year: 2025
Type: review
Abstract: Anjana Karma , an Ayurvedic topical ocular therapy involving medicated collyrium formulations containing herbo-mineral and metallo-mineral ingredients ( Bhasma ), offers a promising noninvasive drug delivery system. Traditional Ayurvedic texts describe Anjana Karma , as an effective, biologically safe method for targeted treatment and ocular health maintenance. This review is based on the classical Ayurvedic literature alongside recent experimental and clinical studies to explore the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic efficacy of Anjana Karma formulations containing metallic and mineral components. The database searches from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Ayurveda Research Database were conducted using keywords such as “ Anjana Karma,” “Netragata Roga,” and “herbo-mineral Anjana formulations.” Current ocular drug delivery methods (topical drops, periocular implants, and intravitreal injections) face limitations including limited bioavailability, the possibility of systemic toxicity, barriers like blood-retinal and corneal epithelium, and procedural complications. Anjana formulations utilize metallo-mineral Bhasmas , processed to particle sizes ranging ~10-500 nm, that can help enhance drug adhesion, penetration, sustained release, and ocular bioavailability. The reviewed clinical trials and experimental models indicate the significant efficacy of various Anjana formulations in managing various ophthalmic conditions with notable symptom relief and improved ocular health parameters. Safety and regulatory considerations emphasize the need for thorough biocompatibility and toxicity assessments, given the delicate ocular environment and the use of metallic substances. The enhanced drug delivery properties of Anjana , combined with historical and emerging clinical evidence, support its potential integration into modern ophthalmic practice. However, comprehensive safety evaluations and regulatory compliance remain imperative. Future research should focus on optimizing formulation techniques and conducting robust clinical trials to validate these traditional therapies for contemporary use.
Institution: All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi
Language: English
Subfield: Pharmaceutical Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4412688642