Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Accelerator-driven systems (ADSs) may offer a promising technology for energy production and transmutation of nuclear waste. Here we introduce the concept of utilizing high-intensity laser acceleration technology in realizing an ADS, with a focus on the use of thorium fuel in subcritical systems. We explore state-of-the-art laser-driven particle sources for neutron generation by nuclear fusion, spallation or photonuclear reactions and the prospect of reaching the flux of ${10}^{15}$ n/s required to drive a subcritical reactor. We review recent advances in high-power laser amplification and assess their technological readiness in view of integration in an ADS. Finally, we present a risk analysis of a laser-driven ADS in terms of laser and target development, radiation safety and operational stability. Our conclusion highlights the potential of laser-driven ADSs as a transformative approach to nuclear fission energy. With continued research and development, technological hurdles can be overcome to fully realize sustainable, green energy production that can meet global energy demands while addressing safety and environmental concerns.
Institutions: Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC (Czech Republic), Tel Aviv University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, National Institute of Optics, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, National Research Council, École Polytechnique, University of Szeged, TAE Technologies, Inc (United States), Research Centre Rez, Université Paris-Saclay, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Paris
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,900
OpenAlex ID: W4412728527