Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Treatment-Refractory Depression Receiving Intravenous Ketamine and Intranasal Esketamine
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: This study examines the durability (defined as time between treatments) of intravenous ketamine (IV-KET) and intranasal esketamine (IN-ESKET) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), in a real-world clinical setting with repeated ketamine/esketamine maintenance therapy. This was a single-center, observational study of adults with TRD who completed acute-phase treatment between August 17, 2017, and June 24, 2021, and received IV-KET (0.5 mg/kg) or IN-ESK (56/84 mg) maintenance therapy. Maintenance cycle duration was measured from the first treatment after the acute phase to the final treatment. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology before each treatment. Linear mixed-effects models and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) evaluated treatment effects. The number of days between treatments (treatment intervals) was modeled using a negative binomial GLMM. < .001). Mean treatment intervals were 18.9 days for IV-KET vs 10.8 days for IN-ESKET. Both treatments showed stable systolic blood pressure trajectories. This study provides evidence regarding longer durability of IV-KET compared to IN-ESKET. These findings need to be replicated in larger prospective studies and confirmed in a randomized controlled trial comparing these two treatment interventions.
DOI: 10.4088/jcp.25m15831
Institution: Mayo Clinic
Language: English
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4412804974