An Exploration of Key Informant Perspectives on Factors Influencing Settlement of Male Hazara Youth Who Migrated to Melbourne as Unaccompanied Minors
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Global forced displacement has increased significantly, with the number of forcibly displaced people rising from 45.2 million in 2012 to 70.8 million in 2018 (UNHCR, 2016, 2017, 2018). Migration push-pull factors (Vervliet et al., 2015) have positioned Australia as a key destination for asylum seekers among OECD countries. However, fluctuating boat arrivals and restrictive immigration policies have shaped public discourse and government responses to asylum-seeker flows (Phillips, 2017a). This qualitative study explores the settlement experiences of unaccompanied asylum-seeker minors (UAMs) under 18 and former UAMs (fUAMs) post-18, focusing on male Afghan Hazara in Melbourne, Australia. Grounded in ecological systems theory and social networks theory, the study addresses a gap in ethno-specific research and service provider perspectives. Data from 12 interviews with caseworkers (n=6) and volunteer English language teachers (n=6) examines settlement services provided between 2015 and 2016. Findings highlight the significant impact of policies and practices on settlement and support services. Deficit-based approaches often focus on trauma and hardship while overlooking resilience and diverse skills, limiting meaningful integration. A more balanced approach—acknowledging both challenges and strengths—along with inclusive policies and sustained support, is essential for social and economic inclusion. In Australia, immigration policies shape access to support, with UAMs receiving comprehensive services while fUAMs face reduced assistance and visa uncertainty. English proficiency is crucial for adjustment, and social networks play a key role in socioeconomic participation. This study emphasizes the need for enhanced support structures and sustainable integration pathways to improve well-being outcomes for unaccompanied youth.
Author: John Kole Kole
Language: English
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4412862105