Quantitative Analysis of Operator Influence on IEC 61000-4-2 Indirect ESD Testing and Recommendations for Enhanced Reproducibility
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The reproducibility of system-level electrostatic discharge (ESD) testing per IEC 61000-4-2 remains challenged by waveform variability, notably in the second peak region, partly due to human operator influence. Although recent Standard revisions introduce parameters like IP2, operator effects during indirect discharges are still unaddressed. This study examines human presence impacts on ESD waveforms during indirect discharges to horizontal and vertical coupling planes, using a SpaceWire link as the device under test. Injected and shield currents were measured under various operator conditions, alongside tests in operator-free setups with different grounding cable arrangements and protective bodywear. Results confirm significant operator-induced waveform alterations. While operator-free setups reduce variability, grounding cable layout remains crucial. Standardized, operator-free configurations with defined grounding are recommended. Where manual operation is unavoidable, ESD gloves and shoes partially improve test consistency.
Source: IEEE Access
Institution: National Technical University of Athens
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,075
OpenAlex ID: W4413017494