Work

Impact of vaccination behavior on COVID-19 dynamics and economic outcomes

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible respiratory disease that has significantly impacted global health and economies. In this study, we investigated the impact of immunity duration, vaccination behavior, transmission reduction measures, and healthcare timing and duration on COVID-19 dynamics and economic outcomes. Using a mathematical model that integrates epidemiological, human behavioral, and economic factors, we analyzed the effectiveness of interventions based on real-world data. Analytical results revealed up to six disease-free equilibria, with stability determined by reproduction number thresholds. Results from numerical simulations of the model indicated that prolonged immunity and high vaccination rates can reduce peak infections and deaths, whereas delayed hospitalizations and increased transmission can exacerbate outbreaks. Sensitivity analysis highlights vaccine efficacy and uptake as key determinants of disease control. These findings underscore the need for sustained vaccination, timely healthcare interventions, and strategic public health measures.

Source: Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering

DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2025084

Authors: Abdallah Alsammani, Calistus N. Ngonghala, Maia Martcheva

Institutions: Jacksonville University, Harvard University, University of Florida

Language: English

Topic: COVID-19 epidemiological studies

Subfield: Modeling and Simulation

Field: Mathematics

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,000