Measuring Digital Accessibility in New Zealand Public Libraries: A Protocol-Based Web Evaluation Using the WAVE Tool
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Web evaluation protocols often emphasize the inclusion of specific criteria, but frequently overlook accessibility, a critical component of inclusive digital services. As signatories to the Marrakesh Treaty, library associations have committed to providing accessible information, yet many public library websites fall short of this goal. With the reliance of libraries on electronic information, and the function of library websites as an electronic branch, web pages need to have accessible information for users. This study expands a standard web evaluation protocol by integrating data from the WAVE Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool, which identifies issues based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Sixty-six New Zealand public library websites were assessed using this enhanced protocol. While libraries generally meet basic information delivery standards, accessibility issues – particularly related to HTML structure and ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes – were common. The study found that summary categories in WAVE were insufficient for diagnosing specific problems, necessitating deeper analysis of raw data. Findings highlight opportunities for libraries to improve web accessibility, aligning digital practices with their commitment to equitable access. This research underscores the importance of embedding accessibility into web evaluation frameworks to support inclusive information environments.
Authors: Jennifer Campbell-Meier, Diane Velasquez
Language: English
Subfield: Human Factors and Ergonomics
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Reduced inequalities
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4413089898